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Исследование влияния температуры предварительного отпуска перед нитроцементацией на микроструктуру и механические свойства стали 40Cr (40Х)
Аннотация
Исследовано влияние температуры отпуска перед нитроцементацией на микротвердость и механические свойства нитроцементованной стали 40Cr (40Х). Отпуск проводили при 350, 450, 550 и 650 °C, а процесс нитроцементации — при 565 °C. Измерение микротвердости и испытания на растяжение осуществляли при комнатной температуре. Для оценки морфологии закаленного слоя и подложки выполнен микроструктурный анализ с использованием оптической микроскопии и сканирующей электронной микроскопии. Для определения фазового состава поверхности нитроцементированных образцов стали применяли рентгеновскую дифракцию. Установлено, что после отпуска при 550 °C наблюдается значительное упрочнение поверхности при сохранении пластичности сердцевины, что способствует получению оптимальных механических характеристик и наилучшему сочетанию поверхностной твердости и вязкости стали. Эволюция морфологии ямок, наблюдаемая на поверхностях разрушения при растяжении, дополнительно подтвердила, что такой отпуск обеспечивает наибольшую вязкость и поглощение энергии.
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Литература
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.30906/mitom.2026.4.42-42
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